韓國專利實務整理一

韓國專利實務整理
資料參考：J.LEE & ASSOCIATES, enpan's blog

一般資訊：

1. 可專利的標的（patentable subject matter）
專利可分為步驟（process）與產品（product）專利
其中步驟描述有方法（method）與程序（procedure）方面的技術
產品則包括機器（machine）、製造（manufacture）、物質組成（composition of matter）與結構（structure）

2. 不可專利的標的
人類的診斷與藥物治療方法，因為不符工業應用
但，藥物/藥劑、裝置、藥品與其化合物則可專利

3. 申請必要文件
申請人、發明人基本資訊
發明名稱、說明書、圖示與簡要說明、摘要
12月以內主張優先權、優先權文件（應於申請日後16月內提出文件）
代理人委託書（power of attorney）

4. 請求實審
應於韓國申請案或有國際申請案之申請日後5年內提出實際審查

5. 審查程序：
型式審查
公開
專利性審查：工業應用、新穎性、進步性、說明書揭露、權利範圍明確性（definiteness of claims，該發明技術領域的通常知識者的水平可以理解的程度）
審查意見
（當韓國專利局發出Office Action之後, 同樣, 申請人應於兩個月內提出回覆，包括修正, 期限可延長, 但最多四個月, 若須請求延長超過四個月, 應提出書面理由，可參考：http://enpan.blogspot.com/2009/01/blog-post.html）

韓國常用專利法規（英文版）
新穎性規定：
專利法第29條第1項：
(1) Inventions that have industrial applicability are patentable unless they fall under either of the following subparagraphs:
(i) inventions publicly known or worked in the Republic of Korea or a foreign country before the filing of the patent application; or
(ii) inventions described in a publication distributed in the Republic of Korea or a foreign country, or inventions publicly available through telecommunication lines as prescribed by Presidential Decree, before the filing of the patent application.

進步性規定：
專利法第29條第2項：
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), where a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains would have been able to easily make the invention based on the inventions prescribed in each subparagraph of paragraph (1) before the filing of the patent application, the patent shall not be granted for such an invention.

擬制新穎性，同申請人/發明人不適用
專利法第29條第3項：
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), where a patent application is filed for an invention that is identical to an invention or device described in the description or drawing(s) originally attached to the written application of another application for a patent or a utility model registration that has been filed before the filing date of the patent application and laid open or published in the patent gazette after the filing of the patent application, the patent shall not be granted for such an invention. However, this shall not apply where the inventor of the concerned patent application and the inventor of the another application for a patent or utility model registration are the same person, or the applicant of the concerned patent application and the applicant of the another application for a patent or utility model registration are the same person at the time of filing of the concerned patent application.

6. 權利範圍撰寫要求
獨立項：一般並無依附其他請求項，但為求簡明，可為引用式獨立項，可依附其他請求項
附屬項：為依附其他請求項，可依附多項，多項附屬項不得直接或間接其他多項附屬項
明確性：避免不明確用語，如"及/或"、"較佳為"、"實質上..."、"選擇地"、"特別是"、"大約"等用語；避免負面用語
一項請求項不得包含不同類別的內容

7. 審查意見回覆包括答辯與修正、分割案

8. 加速審查，可參考：
http://enpan.blogspot.com/2008/08/blog-post_06.html
http://enpan.blogspot.com/2009/10/blog-post_27.html
http://enpan.blogspot.com/2010/10/pph.html

Ron