發明與設計"本質上"的差異規定在MPEP 1502.01
差異包括：(A)專利期限不同（現行）：發明20年、設計15年；(B)設計專利沒有維護費用；(C)設計案僅能有一項專利範圍；(D)審查委員可酌情限制申請案中的多個發明，但設計案僅能一個設計；(E)國際發明申請案依照PCT規定，國際設計申請案則適用Hague協議；(F)發明案一般優先權期限為1年，設計案則是6個月；(G)發明申請案可以主張美國臨時申請案優先權，但設計案沒有；(H)發明與植物申請案有RCE程序，但設計案並沒有；(I)設計案有CPA審查程序（可比擬RCE）；(J)發明申請案有早期公開規定，設計申請案沒有。
摘錄MPEP關於"design"新穎性規定的段落（本篇以設計為主角，但規定都與utility申請案一致）：
MPEP 2152 Detailed Discussion of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) and (b)（https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/s2152.html）
MPEP 2153 Prior Art Exceptions Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1)（https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/s2153.html）
審查＂設計申請案＂新穎性時，同樣地須以其優先權作為有效申請日；若有阻礙新穎性的前案時，將考慮新穎性例外條款，AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A)排除條款限於排除創作人或其共同創作人或自創作人/共同創作人直接或間接取得的人在有效申請日前一年內＂已公開揭露/publicly disclosed＂的創作。（ps.可排除自己＂申請日前一年內＂的公開揭露）
MPEP 2153.01
AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A) provides exceptions to the prior art provisions of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1). These exceptions limit the use of an inventor's or at least one joint inventor’s own work as prior art, when the inventor's or at least one joint inventor’s own work has been publicly disclosed by the inventor, a joint inventor, or another who obtained the subject matter directly or indirectly from the inventor or joint inventor not more than one year before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A) provides that a disclosure which would otherwise qualify as prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) is not prior art if the disclosure was made: (1) One year or less before the effective filing date of the claimed invention; and (2) by the inventor or a joint inventor, or by another who obtained the subject matter directly or indirectly from the inventor or joint inventor. MPEP § 2153.01(a) discusses issues pertaining to inventor-originated disclosures within the grace period. MPEP § 2152.01 discusses the “effective filing date” of a claimed invention.
AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(B)排除條款用於排除＂設計被創作人、共同創作人或直接或間接取得的人公開揭露＂"之後"的揭露。條件是(1)有效申請日前一年內；(2)創作被創作人等"更早之前已公開揭露"。（ps.創作人自己的公開揭露可以排除其他人在後的揭露，這些揭露都應該在＂設計申請日前一年內＂）
ps.以下節錄內容的下半部就是討論"創作人之前的公開揭露"也應在創作"有效申請日"前一年內，才自己符合AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A)的grace period。
MPEP 2153.02
AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(B) provides an additional exception to the prior art provision of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1). AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(B) excepts as prior art a disclosure of subject matter that occurs after the subject matter had been publicly disclosed by the inventor, a joint inventor, or another who obtained the subject matter directly or indirectly from the inventor or joint inventor (i.e., an inventor-originated public disclosure). Specifically, AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(B) provides that a disclosure which would otherwise qualify as prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) (patent, printed publication, public use, sale, or other means of public availability) is excepted as prior art if: (1) the disclosure was made one year or less before the effective filing date of the claimed invention; and (2) the subject matter disclosed had been previously publicly disclosed by the inventor, a joint inventor, or another who obtained the subject matter directly or indirectly from the inventor or joint inventor. The previous inventor-originated public disclosure of the subject matter typically will be a disclosure within the one-year grace period (i.e., a grace period inventor-originated disclosure). However, if the previous inventor-originated public disclosure of the subject matter was made outside the grace period, that disclosure itself would qualify as prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1), and could not be excepted under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A). In other words, a previous inventor-originated public disclosure of the subject matter can be effective to establish that a grace period disclosure is excepted as prior art regardless of whether the previous inventor-originated disclosure was made within the grace period or not. MPEP § 2152.01 discusses the “effective filing date” of a claimed invention. MPEP § 2155.02 discusses the use of affidavits or declarations to show that the subject matter disclosed had, before such disclosure, been publicly disclosed by the inventor or a joint inventor, and MPEP § 2155.03 discusses the use of affidavits or declarations to show that the disclosure was made, or that the subject matter had been previously publicly disclosed, by another who obtained the subject matter disclosed directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor.
申請時是否要聲明「新穎性優惠期」的相關資訊，答案是可以不用，但提出聲明可以加快審查（寫在cross-reference (37 CFR 1.78)）。
Applicants can include a statement regarding any grace period inventor-originated public disclosures in the specification upon filing. See 37 CFR 1.77(b)(6) and MPEP § 608.01(a). In order to be effective to show that a grace period inventor-originated public disclosure is not prior art under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) because the AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A) exception applies, the statement must convey the same information as would be required in a declaration under 37 CFR 1.130(a). See MPEP §§ 717.01(a)(1) , 2155.01, and 2155.03. An applicant is not required to identify any grace period inventor-originated public disclosures or to use the format specified in 37 CFR 1.77, but identifying any such disclosures may expedite examination of the application and save applicants (and the Office) the costs related to an Office action and reply. If the patent application specification as filed contains a specific reference to a grace period inventor-originated public disclosure, and an oath or declaration under 37 CFR 1.63 from the inventor or the appropriate joint inventor(s) has been made of record, the Office will consider it apparent from the specification that the grace period public disclosure is attributable to the inventor or a joint inventor, provided there is a sufficient explanation of why the exception applies to a particular disclosure and there is no other evidence to the contrary. The applicant should also provide a copy of the grace period inventor-originated public disclosure (e.g., copy of a printed publication). The format specified in 37 CFR 1.77(b)(6) may not be the basis to add information about inventor-originated grace period public disclosures to the specification after the filing date of the application. Such an amendment may be considered new matter. Applicants should use 37 CFR 1.130(a) to submit such information after filing.
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