2020年7月28日 星期二

發明專利中的彩色圖式

一般來說,專利示意圖用黑白圖式,但也可能在某些情況下需要提出具有色彩的圖面來說明發明內容,例如一些需要表示材料特色的影像、設計專利與植物專利(美國)等,說明書都會表示其中有彩色圖案。對發明、設計專利而言,其中若需要彩色圖式,除了要繳交額外費用外,還有提出petition說明使用彩色圖的必要性。

舉例來說:
植物PP31980



植物PP31,978



設計D891,705


設計D891,469


發明US8335998


petition and petition decision




發明US9103714




[以下節錄自USPTO給申請人的注意事項「General information concerning patents」(https://www.uspto.gov/patents-getting-started/general-information-concerning-patents),但其實這些是規定在37CFR1.84等篇章的內容]

關於圖式的標準,圖式有黑白與彩色圖,常用的是黑白圖,如果提出彩色圖,除了要繳交額外費用外,還要提出「petition from Applicant to accept Color Drawings or Color Photographs」,且彩色圖仍要求要有足夠的品質以至於重製為黑白時仍可看出其細節。



且應在(發明專利)說明書中的「brief description of drawings」中寫下「"the patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color.  Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee."」。如果申請時沒寫,即便提出petition也會被駁回,因此應在提出petition時隨附主動修正(preliminary amendments)的說明書。



Standards for Drawings

(1) Drawings. There are two acceptable categories for presenting drawings in utility and design patent applications:
(a) Black ink. Black and white drawings are normally required. India ink, or its equivalent that secures solid black lines, must be used for drawings, or
(b) Color. On rare occasions, color drawings may be necessary as the only practical medium by which to disclose the subject matter sought to be patented in a utility or design patent application or the subject matter of a statutory invention registration. The color drawings must be of sufficient quality such that all details in the drawings are reproducible in black and white in the printed patent. Color drawings are not permitted in international applications (see PCT Rule 11.13), or in an application, or copy thereof, submitted under the Office electronic filing system.
The Office will accept color drawings in utility or design patent applications and statutory invention registrations only after granting a petition filed under this paragraph explaining why the color drawings are necessary. Any such petition must include the following:
(i) The fee set forth in § 1.17(h);
(ii) Three sets of color drawings; and
(iii) An amendment to the specification to insert (unless the specification contains or has been previously amended to contain) the following language as the first paragraph of the brief description of the drawings:
The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.
(2) Photographs
(a) Black and white. Photographs, including photocopies of photographs, are not ordinarily permitted in utility and design patent applications. The Office will accept photographs in utility and design patent applications, however, if photographs are the only practicable medium for illustrating the claimed invention. For example, photographs or photomicrographs of electrophoresis gels, blots (e.g., immuno-logical, western, southern, and northern), autoradiographs, cell cultures (stained and unstained), histological tissue cross sections (stained and unstained), animals, plants, in vivo imaging, thin-layer chromatography plates, crystalline structures, and, in a design patent application, ornamental effects, are acceptable. If the subject matter of the application admits of illustration by a drawing, the examiner may require a drawing in place of the photograph. The photographs must be of sufficient quality so that all details in the photographs are reproducible in the printed patent.
(b) Color photographs. Color photographs will be accepted in utility and design patent applications if the conditions for accepting color drawings and black and white photographs have been satisfied. See paragraphs (a)(2) and (b)(1) of this section.
其他參考報導:
- 美國「彩色或照片」的設計專利筆記(https://enpan.blogspot.com/2020/01/blog-post_10.html
- 美國專利圖式規定 - MPEP 1825(https://enpan.blogspot.com/2019/05/mpep-1825.html
- 從一個設計案核駁理由學習「線條與顏色」(https://enpan.blogspot.com/2013/09/blog-post_24.html
- 美國設計申請案(https://enpan.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post.html

Ron

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