另一個EPO -- EAPO（歐亞專利組織）

當蘇聯解體後，獨立的各國並沒有自己的專利制度，於是又合體建立了一個基於歐亞專利條約（EAPC，Eurasian Patent Convention, 俄語為Евразийская патентная конвенция）的專利體EAPO（Eurasian Patent Organization），建立於1994年，並於1995開始運作。

成員國（wikipedia與官網差個烏克蘭）：
亞美尼亞（Armenia）
亞塞拜然（Azerbaijan）
白俄羅斯（Belarus）
喬治亞（Georgia）
哈薩克（Kazakhstan）
吉爾吉斯（Kyrgyzstan）
摩爾多瓦（Moldova）
俄羅斯（Russia）
塔吉克斯坦（Tajikistan）
土庫曼（Turkmenistan）
烏克蘭（Ukraine，年度報告缺少烏克蘭的數據）

EAPO的運作某種程度有點像EPO/EPC，可以核發EAPC統一專利（僅發明專利），但仍需指定進入成員國，並可根據各國國內法進行登記與舉發等。

官方網站：http://www.eapo.org/en/

列舉一些Eurasian Patent System的EAPC法規：

Article 1
Establishment of the Eurasian Patent System（歐亞專利系統）
(1) The Contracting States, maintaining their complete sovereignty to develop their
national systems for protection of inventions, hereby establish a Eurasian Patent System.
(2) No provision of this Convention shall be interpreted as diminishing the rights under
the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of any national or resident of
any country party to the Paris Convention.

Article 6
Patentable Inventions（可專利發明：具有發明性與產業利用性）
The Eurasian Office shall grant a Eurasian patent for any invention that is new, involves
an inventive step and is industrially applicable.

Article 8
Right of Priority（優先權）
The right of priority shall be recognized in conformity with the Paris Convention for the
Protection of Industrial Property.

Article 9
Patent Rights（專利權）
(1) The owner of a Eurasian patent shall have the exclusive right to use, and also to
authorize the use or prohibit others from using, the patented invention.
(2) The owner of a Eurasian patent may assign or license his rights.
(3) After an application for the grant of a Eurasian patent (hereinafter referred to as “the
Eurasian application”) has been published, the applicant shall enjoy provisional protection in
conformity with the national legislation of the Contracting States.

Article 11
Term of Eurasian Patent（EA專利期限：20年）
The term of a Eurasian patent shall be 20 years from the filing date of the Eurasian
application.

Article 14
Patent Regulations. Substantive Provisions（專利實質條款：取得專利應符合新穎性、進步性、產業利用性、揭露要求、單一性...）
The Patent Regulations shall provide for the details concerning substantive patent law,
and in particular the following:
(i) the definition of the criteria of patentability of an invention, including the definition
of novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability, and the requirement of the disclosure of
the invention,
(ii) disclosures that do not affect the patentability of the invention,
(iii) the requirement of unity of invention,
(iv) the definition and effects of the right of priority,
(v) the definition of the exclusive right in the patented invention,
(vi) the right of the prior user,
(vii) the interpretation of claims,
(viii) the right of the inventor to be mentioned in the Eurasian application and Eurasian
patent,
(ix) the assignment and other transfer of the right to a Eurasian application or patent,
(x) the confidentiality in processing Eurasian applications.

Article 15
Eurasian Application and Grant of the Eurasian Patent（歐亞專利申請案與獲准）
可透過各會員國進入EAPO；
費用包括申請、檢索、公開；
申請日或優先權日後18個月公開，並進行檢索；
檢索報告出爐後6個月內應提出實際審查要求，使得專利局進行審查；
核准或核駁決定都是由3位審查委員所作出的；
若申請人不服決定，應於3個月內提出訴願，專利局將由至少兩位沒有參與初審的審查官作出決定。


從EAPO網站可知目前暫時僅與JPO有簽署PPH，從公報簡單看出大多數案件從PCT進入。
EAPO每月出公報，檢索大概要開啟公報後找尋關鍵字（俄文）來用，或是透過WIPO資料庫。

公報：

EAPO在WIPO的國碼（country code）為"EA"，用"priority country"欄位找"EA"可以找到EAPO進入PCT的案子，比如：

一些統計可瞭解EAPO的運作狀況
過去五年EAPO的申請量，顯然量不是很多：

從PCT進入EAPO的案子最多，其次是各會員國進入EAPO的，再才是直接申請EAPO：

美國、德國與俄國人為進入EAPO最多的申請人：

每個會員國申請狀況：

資料參考：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_Patent_Convention
http://www.eapo.org/en/

Ron